A neutralization reaction is when an acid and a base react to form water and a salt and involves the combination of H+ ions and OH- ions to generate water. The neutralization of a strong acid and strong base has a pH equal to 7. For example when HCl (Hydrochloric acid), a strong acid, reacts with NaOH, a strong base, the resulting salt is sodium chloride and water.
Law of Chemical Combination Given by Lavoisier and Joseph L. Proust as follows: 1. Law of conservation of mass Mass can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. e.g. A + B → C + D Reactants → Products, Mass of reactants = Mass of products 2. Law of constant proportion In a chemical substance the elements are always present in definite proportions by mass. e.g., in water, the ratio of the mass of hydrogen to the mass of oxygen is always 1 : 8 respectively. These laws lacked explanation. Hence, John Dalton gave his theory about the matter. He said that the smallest particle of matter is called ‘atom’. Dalton’s Atomic Theory · Every matter is made up of very small or tiny particles called atoms. · Atoms are not divisible and cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. · All atoms of a given element are same in size, mass and chemical properties. · Atoms of different elements are different in size, mass and